frustration

a continuing or unresolved motivational conflict
thwarting circumstances rather than their consequences
results of obstacles, deficiencies or conflict

symptoms or signs of frustration:
immediate consequences of frustration

1. restlessness
a. excess of movement
b. fidgeting (druk, gejaagd)
c. pace up and down (ijsberen)
d. boring (zeuren)
e. complaining (klagen)
f. sighing (zuchten)
g. whimpering (dreinen)

2. tension
a. blushing (blozen)
b. trembling (trillen)
c. clenching fist (vuist maken)
d. thumb-sucking
e. nail-biting
f. hair-picking
g. smoking
h. chewing gum

3. aggression
a. kicking
b. knocking
c. hostile attack
d. spitting
direct vs indirect = displaced aggression

4. destructiveness
a. breaking
b. destroying

5. self-destruction
a. mutilation
b. suicide

6. apathy
a. indifference
b. withdrawal
c. inactivity
d. inattentiveness
e. stare

7. fantasy, escape into a dream world
a. reciting nursery rhymes
b. pin-up girls

8. stereotypy
a. reward (positive reinforcement)
b. punishment (negative reinforcement)
discrimination vs frustration experiment

a. non functional routines/rituals
b. repetitive motor mannerisms
c. persistent occupation with parts of objects
d. compulsive movements

a. blinking
b. blepharospasm
c. gestures,
d. mannerisms
e. rituals
f. tics
9. regression
a. retrogression return to an earlier stage of development
b. primitivation return to a more primitive stage of development

a. crying
b. shouting
c. yelling
d. squeling

warning signs of frustration
a. shortness of breath
b. knot in the throat
c. chest pain
d. stomach cramps
e. headache
f. compulsive eating
g. excessive alcohol consumption
h. increased smoking
i. lack of patience
j. desire to strike out